Statistics of Behavioral Sciences Practice Test

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• What is the experiment-wise alpha level?
• Z-scores indicate which of the following?
• Which statement about non-parametric tests' data requirements is true?
• What is regression used for?
• In a one-way ANOVA, the null hypothesis is that all group means are equal.
• Which statement correctly contrasts statistics and parameters in terms of their scope?
• Which measure of central tendency is typically used for nominal data?
• Which design is characterized by the same participants being measured across all levels of the independent variable?
• What do Z-Scores do?
• An estimate of the typical difference between the sample mean and the population mean
• A t-statistic is used to test hypotheses about what, under what condition?
• Which statement describes a limitation of Pearson's r?
• What is a subset of the population intended to represent the population?
• The F Ratio in ANOVA is defined as what?
• You can use mean as a measure of central tendency for what scales?
• What does partial correlation measure?
• Which test is used for comparing the first semester GPA to the third semester GPA for the same students?
• What's the critical region?
• The alpha level represents what?
• You can use median as a measure of central tendency for what scales?
• In a within-subjects 2x3x4 factorial ANOVA, how many groups (cells) are formed?
• A factorial ANOVA is characterized by what?
• Repeated Measures ANOVA is typically used when which condition is met?
• In statistical terminology, population is described by a parameter; a sample is described by a statistic. Population is to sample as statistic is to what?
• The office of student life wants to know if there is a significant difference between the three fraternities on campus?
• In a matched-subjects design with 15 participants per group, what is the total number of participants?
• Which option does NOT increase statistical power?
• Which scenario is the Phi-coefficient appropriate for?
• Which statement about the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test is true?
• Between-subjects one-way ANOVA involves what assumption about the groups?
• The alpha level represents
• Testwise Alpha Level describes what?
• Which statement about the Null Hypothesis (Ho) is accurate in experimental testing?
• Power is?
• Real limits/exact limits are used to represent a continuous variable's measure of intervals rather than specific values. What are they called?
• Which statement best describes a statistic?
• In factorial ANOVA, which statement describes a main effect?
• Treatment effects, individual differences, and experimental error are the sources of variability for what?
• A standard distribution is defined by what characteristics?
• In factorial ANOVA, what is a main effect?
• What term describes the naturally occurring discrepancy between a sample statistic and the corresponding population parameter?
• Which metrics are used to measure effect size?
• Which term describes the scale with an absolute zero point?
• If you conduct a study with a known high probability of detecting an effect when it exists, this describes a high:
• Which term describes the independent variable being manipulated in an experiment?
• Inferential statistics consist of techniques that do what?
• In statistics, which alphabet is typically used to denote population parameters?
• Between-Subjects Design means the independent variable is split up between participants.
• When is a one-tailed (directional) test appropriate?
• Which variable in regression analyses is the source from which predictions are made?
• The measure of variability for positively skewed data?
• Which scale enables ranking of data in order but with equal intervals not assumed?
• What term refers to the entire group of individuals a researcher wishes to study?
• What does a partial correlation do in analysis?
• Which are the three types of Central Tendency?
• A parameter describes which set in statistics?
• You can use the mode as a measure of central tendency for what scales?
• In the regression equation Y^ = a + bX, what is the regression line?
• Which action is used to reduce sampling error in a study?
• Which measurement level uses numbers and labels to categorize observations but does not make quantitative distinctions?
• Which design uses the same participants across all conditions?
• Measure of Central Tendency refers to what?
• Effect size is intended to provide what?
• Which statement about correlation and causation is true?
• In regression, what does Y-hat (Y^) represent?
• Which statement best defines effect size?
• If all scores are equal, what is the standard deviation?
• Deviation is defined as the distance between a score and the mean.
• Standard Deviation of zero means?
• Which non-parametric statistic assesses monotonic relationships between two ordinal variables?
• Which statement describes the relationship between experiment-wise alpha and per-test alpha?
• What is another word commonly used for correlation?
• Which statistic is used to test hypotheses about an unknown population mean when the population standard deviation is unknown?
• What is good about non-parametric statistics tests?
• Variance equals?
• Which option correctly describes when a one-sample t-test is used?
• In a normal distribution, what percent within +/-1 z-score?
• Which non-parametric statistic is used for related samples on ordinal data?
• The probability that your statistical test will allow you to correctly reject the null hypothesis?
• Which of the following is NOT an assumption of the F test?
• What does the Pearson correlation coefficient measure?
• Levels are defined as...
• Which statement best describes estimated standard error?
• Which of the following is NOT listed as one of the three characteristics of the sampling distribution of the sample means under the central limit theorem?
• Which variable is changed or manipulated by the researcher in a study?
• In a negatively skewed distribution, the mode is toward which end?
• The scale of measurement represented by the type of academic majors?
• Which concept describes the real limits in measurement?
• If one variable is dichotomous and the other is interval or ratio, which correlation measure is appropriate?
• In statistics, which alphabet is typically used to denote statistics?
• Z-Score is?
• Which statement best describes the strength of Pearson's r?
• What is the main advantage of a within-subjects design over a between-subjects design?
• Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of z-scores?
• What is homoscedasticity?
• Which correlation measure is appropriate for ordinal data or non-linear but monotonic relationships?
• Which scatterplot pattern indicates a strong linear relationship?
• What are post hoc tests?
• The example 'Class standing' illustrates which measurement level?
• For Repeated Measures ANOVA, the dependent variable must be
• What are numerical values based on data from the sample?
• In regression analyses, which variable is the one being predicted?
• Within-Subjects Design means participants receive all levels of the independent variable.
• Which non-parametric statistic uses ordinal data to measure monotonic relationships and is analogous to Pearson's r?
• What is the goal of central tendency?
• When you use information about a sample to determine something about the population
• Inferential statistics use what?
• Degrees of freedom describe the number of scores in a sample that are independent and free to vary. Why do formulas for degrees of freedom vary?
• Which statement about inferential statistics is accurate?
• When both variables are dichotomous, which correlation coefficient is appropriate?
• The boundaries of the critical region are determined by
• What does the Standard Error of Estimate measure?
• What does the F Ratio compare in ANOVA?
• Why is the homogeneity of variance assumption not required for a related-samples t-test?
• What is expected frequency?
• What is the chi-square test and what does it measure?
• What sampling method ensures each member of the population has an equal chance of being included in the sample?
• Descriptive statistics are defined as which of the following?
• Estimated standard error is used when...
• K stands for what?
• Standard Deviation is?
• When are Post Hoc tests typically performed after an ANOVA?
• What defines the critical region in hypothesis testing?
• What distinguishes simple regression from multiple regression?
• Which statement correctly defines the standard error?
• What metric is used to measure correlation?
• Which measurement level has an absolute zero point?
• Which statement best defines statistical significance?
• Which test is appropriate when comparing means across more than two independent groups?
• The boundary value that separates significant from non-significant outcomes is called what?
• Which measurement level has categories organized in an ordered sequence, such as class standing?
• Which test is used to compare a sample mean to a hypothesized population mean when the population standard deviation is unknown?
• You can find your regression equation after you have found what?
• What do correlations do?
• How is the strength of the relationship in a correlation typically assessed from a scatterplot?
• Which variable is observed or measured to assess the effect of the treatment?
• How can you determine the direction of the relationship in a correlation?
• In the described Independent Measures ANOVA, the independent variable has at least how many levels?
• The Mann-Whitney U-test is used for what type of data?
• In a matched-subjects design, what is the main purpose of matching?
• In a negative correlation, how do the variables move?
• What is the measure of variability for a distribution of sample means?
• The example 'Type of phobia' illustrates which measurement level?
• In a positive correlation, how do the variables move?
• What is the difference between linear and curvilinear regression?
• What is an interaction?
• Percentile rank is the same as which concept?
• What is bad about non-parametric statistics tests?
• What is observed frequency?
• In a matched-subjects design, what is the arrangement?
• Which scale of measurement is represented by the number of candy bars sold?
• Which statistic is most appropriate for nominal data to describe central tendency?
• Which scale has equal spacing between values but zero does not indicate absence of quantity?
• Which statement identifies the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test?
• Why are three or more levels of the independent variable typically required in ANOVA designs?
• A Type I error occurs when
• Which measure is most affected by extreme values?
• What is the role of the Null Hypothesis in hypothesis testing?
• Which design uses different participants in each group?
• Which statistic is least affected by extreme values?
• What is pooled variance used for?
• Which statement describes a one-tailed (directional) test?
• Which of the following statements about alpha level is true?
• Descriptive statistics are defined as which of the following?
• Directional (one-tailed) tests are used when researchers...
• In a between-subjects 2x3x4 factorial ANOVA, how many groups (cells) are formed?
• What are numerical values based on data from an entire population?
• Which term describes the distance between a score and the mean?
• What's the difference between N and n?
• What is an important limitation of Tukey's HSD according to the material?
• What is effect size?
• What is the problem with parametric statistic tests?
• What is the primary purpose of regression?
• Which type of statistics is used to draw conclusions about a population from a sample?
• Which statement describes the Alternate Hypothesis (H1)?
• What is the critical region cut-off score for a two-tailed z test at alpha 0.05?
• In a normal distribution, approximately what percent within +/-2 z-scores?
• In a positively skewed distribution, the mode is toward which end?
• Pop-->sample uses what concept?
• Why use correlations?
• What term describes a relationship where variables are related but not linear?
• The independent variable is called what?
• In the regression context, what does the slope parameter b represent?
• Which statement about z-scores is true?
• Which statement correctly describes the relationship between power and sample size?
• In a one-way ANOVA with k groups, the degrees of freedom between treatments is
• Which term refers to the numerical values derived from data from the population as a whole?
• Between-group variability in ANOVA refers to which of the following?
• Which statement about correlation and causation is true?
• Within-group variability refers to which difference?
• A Type II error occurs when
• A standard distribution has which characteristics?
• Which statement correctly describes Independent Measures ANOVA?
• Which statement best describes one-tailed vs two-tailed tests?
• Which measurement level features equal differences between numbers but has an arbitrary zero point?