Which design uses different participants in each group?

Which design uses different participants in each group?

• A. Within-subjects
• B. Between-subjects
• C. Mixed-subjects
• D. Repeated measures

Answer: (B)

The key idea is how participants are allocated across conditions. In a between-subjects design, each participant is exposed to only one level of the independent variable, so the groups are composed of different individuals. This contrasts with within-subjects (repeated measures) designs, where the same participants experience every condition, which can introduce carryover or practice effects. Between-subjects reduces such carryover concerns, but it requires more participants to achieve the same statistical power because individual differences add noise across groups. Mixed designs combine between- and within-subjects elements. Since this description involves different participants in each group, it fits a between-subjects design.

The key idea is how participants are allocated across conditions. In a between-subjects design, each participant is exposed to only one level of the independent variable, so the groups are composed of different individuals. This contrasts with within-subjects (repeated measures) designs, where the same participants experience every condition, which can introduce carryover or practice effects. Between-subjects reduces such carryover concerns, but it requires more participants to achieve the same statistical power because individual differences add noise across groups. Mixed designs combine between- and within-subjects elements. Since this description involves different participants in each group, it fits a between-subjects design.